{"id":12075,"date":"2020-04-28T22:04:03","date_gmt":"2020-04-28T14:04:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/?p=12075"},"modified":"2020-04-28T23:04:46","modified_gmt":"2020-04-28T15:04:46","slug":"spot-the-difference-%e5%86%8d-zai-%e5%8f%88-you-and-%e8%bf%98-hai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/en\/spot-the-difference-%e5%86%8d-zai-%e5%8f%88-you-and-%e8%bf%98-hai\/","title":{"rendered":"Spot the Difference &#8211; \u518d z\u00e0i, \u53c8 y\u00f2u and \u8fd8 h\u00e1i"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Why is the Chinese way of saying goodbye \u518d\u89c1 z\u00e0iji\u00e0n? You might know that the phrase literally means \u2018again\u2019 and \u2018meet\u2019, so put together, \u518d\u89c1 z\u00e0iji\u00e0n means \u2018see you again\u2019. Well then, how about using \u53c8 y\u00f2u and \u8fd8 h\u00e1i, which also, like \u518d z\u00e0i, have the meaning \u2018again\u2019? Instead of \u518d\u89c1 z\u00e0iji\u00e0n, can we say \u53c8\u89c1 y\u00f2u ji\u00e0n or \u8fd8\u89c1 h\u00e1i ji\u00e0n? Have you been confounded by the adverbs \u518d z\u00e0i, \u53c8 y\u00f2u and \u8fd8 h\u00e1i? Let\u2019s find out how to make sense of them!<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-youtube su-u-responsive-media-yes\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/iqYPCDU_Bck?\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen allow=\"autoplay; encrypted-media; picture-in-picture\" title=\"\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>These three adverbs each have various meanings. In this post we\u2019ll only be looking at the most confusing common meaning &#8211; usually translated as \u2018again\u2019 and \u2018also\u2019. They can be quite mind-boggling, but I\u2019ll try my best to explain as simply as I can.<\/p>\n<p>Let\u2019s warm up by first looking at the sentences below.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>1a)<\/h4>\n<p>W\u01d2 m\u00edngti\u0101n z\u00e0i g\u011bi t\u0101 d\u01ce di\u00e0nhu\u00e0.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u6211\u660e\u5929\u518d\u7ed9\u4ed6\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/01a\u6211\u660e\u5929\u518d\u7ed9\u4ed6\u6253\u7535\u8bdd.mp3\">\u6211\u660e\u5929\u518d\u7ed9\u4ed6\u6253\u7535\u8bdd<\/a><br \/>\nI\u2019ll call him again tomorrow.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>1b)<\/h4>\n<p>W\u01d2 j\u012bnti\u0101n y\u00f2u g\u011bi t\u0101 d\u01ce di\u00e0nhu\u00e0 le.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u6211\u4eca\u5929\u53c8\u7ed9\u4ed6\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u4e86\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/01b\u6211\u4eca\u5929\u53c8\u7ed9\u4ed6\u6253\u7535\u8bdd.mp3\">\u6211\u4eca\u5929\u53c8\u7ed9\u4ed6\u6253\u7535\u8bdd<\/a><br \/>\nI called him again today.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>1c)<\/h4>\n<p>W\u01d2 m\u00edngti\u0101n h\u00e1i g\u011bi t\u0101 d\u01ce di\u00e0nhu\u00e0.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u6211\u660e\u5929\u8fd8\u7ed9\u4ed6\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/01c\u6211\u660e\u5929\u8fd8\u7ed9\u4ed6\u6253\u7535\u8bdd.mp3\">\u6211\u660e\u5929\u8fd8\u7ed9\u4ed6\u6253\u7535\u8bdd<\/a><br \/>\nI\u2019ll call him again tomorrow.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<p>In these sentences, \u518d z\u00e0i, \u53c8 y\u00f2u and \u8fd8 h\u00e1i can all be translated as \u2018again\u2019. So what difference is there, if any? What are the inherent qualities of each?<\/p>\n<p>Before we dive into that, we need to be first aware that there usually will be two parts in \u518d z\u00e0i, \u53c8 y\u00f2u and \u8fd8 h\u00e1i sentences. But this is not always so apparent because there may only be one clause instead of two. For example, the sentence <em>I\u2019ll call him again tomorrow<\/em>. This is in fact the second part. The first part would be <em>I called him today<\/em>, which is inherently existing, but invisible. Even \u518d\u89c1 z\u00e0iji\u00e0n, which seems to exist solely on its own, actually carries the hidden connotation that we met today. So <em>we met today<\/em> would be the first part, and \u518d\u89c1 z\u00e0iji\u00e0n would be the second part.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:60px\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-heading su-heading-style-default su-heading-align-center\" id=\"\" style=\"font-size:36px;margin-bottom:20px\"><div class=\"su-heading-inner\"><strong>Basic Traits<\/strong><\/div><\/div>\n<p>Now on to the inherent qualities that we were going to look at. We\u2019ll focus on three main points:<\/p>\n<h3>1) Independent vs Complementary<\/h3>\n<p>Phrases that use \u518d z\u00e0i and \u53c8 y\u00f2u express entities that are independent in nature, while those that use \u8fd8 h\u00e1i express entities that are complementary. What this means is that in \u518d z\u00e0i and \u53c8 y\u00f2u sentences, the first and second parts are separate and independent of each other, or even contrary. They are individualistic dudes that express repetition. On the other hand, \u8fd8 h\u00e1i, being complementary in nature, is used to express continuation, addition or extension. They are a collective bunch whereby the first and second parts together form a bigger unit. Because \u8fd8 has these layers of meaning, it is often translated as words like \u2018still\u2019, \u2018also\u2019, \u2018yet\u2019, \u2018in addition\u2019, \u2018on top of that\u2019, and so on.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h3>2) Past, Present or Future<\/h3>\n<p>\u518d z\u00e0i can be used only for future actions. \u53c8 y\u00f2u can be used for past and present actions. \u8fd8 h\u00e1i can be used for past, present and future actions. But here we need to be clear about one thing. In Mandarin, there are no tenses. So there is no such thing like past or present tense in Mandarin grammar, nor do we ever even think about anything like that when using the language. Here, \u2018past\u2019, \u2018present\u2019 and \u2018future\u2019 refer to simply the concept of whether an event has already happened, is happening, or will happen. Don\u2019t be too fixated on past, present or future tense, because you might end up giving yourself a hard time, as we simply don\u2019t think of things that way. You need to let go of the paradigm of English grammar and be a little more open and flexible when looking at Mandarin, because here, things function in quite a different fashion!<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h3>3) Simultaneous vs Non-simultaneous<\/h3>\n<p>In \u53c8 y\u00f2u and \u8fd8 h\u00e1i sentences, the first and second parts can coexist, or occur simultaneously, but in \u518d z\u00e0i sentences, the second happens only after the first has ceased.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:40px\"><\/div>\n<p>Now with the understanding of the above principles, let\u2019s go back and think about the examples I gave earlier. In 1a) \u660e\u5929\u518d\u7ed9\u4ed6\u6253\u7535\u8bdd W\u01d2 m\u00edngti\u0101n z\u00e0i g\u011bi t\u0101 d\u01ce di\u00e0nhu\u00e0 and 1c) \u660e\u5929\u8fd8\u7ed9\u4ed6\u6253\u7535\u8bdd W\u01d2 m\u00edngti\u0101n h\u00e1i g\u011bi t\u0101 d\u01ce di\u00e0nhu\u00e0, since both are actions that have yet to be actualised, they mean the same thing, except for a slight difference in nuance. In the \u518d z\u00e0i sentence, it means that today I made a call, and that action is over and done with, but tomorrow I will repeat the same action again. The call today and the call tomorrow are separate and independent of each other. Whereas in the \u8fd8 h\u00e1i sentence, the second call is like a continuation of the first call, rather than an independent repetition. So if we were to try to include the subtleties, maybe we could say that the \u518d z\u00e0i sentence sounds like <em>I will do it once again<\/em>, while the \u8fd8 h\u00e1i sentence sounds like <em>I am still going to do the same thing<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>In addition, the \u518d z\u00e0i sentence can have yet another possible meaning &#8211; <em>I will put off calling him till tomorrow<\/em>. This is another important use of \u518d z\u00e0i, usually translated as \u2018then\u2019, \u2018only then\u2019, \u2018after\u2019. This is where it is useful to be aware of the existence of parts one and two that I talked about earlier. In this instance, part one would be <em>I put off calling him today<\/em>. So if we link the two parts together, we have: <em>I\u2019ll put off calling him today, then call him tomorrow.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>So, to reiterate, even though they both talk about repetition, \u8fd8 h\u00e1i expresses a continuation, whereas \u518d z\u00e0i expresses duplication of the action all over again. Additionally, \u518d z\u00e0i also can mean postponement of the action to a later time.<\/p>\n<p>In 1b), \u53c8 y\u00f2u is used because it is about an action that has already taken place.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:60px\"><\/div>\n<p>Have a look at another set of examples.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>2a)<\/h4>\n<p>W\u01d2men m\u00edngni\u00e1n z\u00e0i c\u0101nji\u0101 b\u01d0s\u00e0i.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u6211\u4eec\u660e\u5e74\u518d\u53c2\u52a0\u6bd4\u8d5b\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/02a\u660e\u5e74\u518d\u53c2\u52a0.mp3\">\u660e\u5e74\u518d\u53c2\u52a0<\/a><br \/>\nWe will take part in the competition again next year.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>2b)<\/h4>\n<p>W\u01d2men j\u012bnni\u00e1n y\u00f2u c\u0101nji\u0101 b\u01d0s\u00e0i le.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5e74\u53c8\u53c2\u52a0\u6bd4\u8d5b\u4e86\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/02b\u4eca\u5e74\u53c8\u53c2\u52a0.mp3\">\u4eca\u5e74\u53c8\u53c2\u52a0<\/a><br \/>\nWe took part in the competition again this year.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>2c)<\/h4>\n<p>W\u01d2men m\u00edngni\u00e1n h\u00e1i c\u0101nji\u0101 b\u01d0s\u00e0i.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u6211\u4eec\u660e\u5e74\u8fd8\u53c2\u52a0\u6bd4\u8d5b\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/02c\u660e\u5e74\u8fd8\u53c2\u52a0.mp3\">\u660e\u5e74\u8fd8\u53c2\u52a0<\/a><br \/>\nWe will take part in the competition again next year.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<p>This set is basically the same as the previous case. In 2a), we took part in the competition this year, the action is complete, and we will repeat the same action all over again next year. They are the same actions but separate and distinct. Alternatively, it could mean that instead of taking part this year, we are taking part next year. In contrast, 2c), the emphasis is more on continuing the same action. We did it this year, and we are still going to do the same thing next year. You can think of it like splitting an action into parts one and two. In 2b), since it has happened, we use \u53c8 y\u00f2u.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:40px\"><\/div>\n<p>So far it hasn\u2019t been very complicated I hope? Now let\u2019s move on to the next stage.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>3)<\/h4>\n<p>T\u0101 xu\u00e9x\u00ed H\u00e0ny\u01d4, (  ?  ) xu\u00e9x\u00ed Y\u012bngy\u01d4.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u5979\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\uff0c\uff08&nbsp;&nbsp;?&nbsp;&nbsp;\uff09\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/03\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\u82f1\u8bed.mp3\">\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\u82f1\u8bed<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Which adverb would fit into this sentence? First we have to consider what this sentence could possibly mean. Let\u2019s take it to mean <em>She studies Mandarin and (studies) English (too)<\/em>. In that case, both \u53c8 y\u00f2u and \u8fd8 h\u00e1i are absolutely fine.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>3b)<\/h4>\n<p>T\u0101 xu\u00e9x\u00ed H\u00e0ny\u01d4, y\u00f2u xu\u00e9x\u00ed Y\u012bngy\u01d4.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u5979\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\uff0c\u53c8\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/03b\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\u53c8\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed.mp3\">\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\u53c8\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed<\/a><br \/>\nShe studies Mandarin and (studies) English (too).<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>3c)<\/h4>\n<p>T\u0101 xu\u00e9x\u00ed H\u00e0ny\u01d4, h\u00e1i xu\u00e9x\u00ed Y\u012bngy\u01d4.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u5979\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\uff0c\u8fd8\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/03c\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\u8fd8\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed.mp3\">\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\u8fd8\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed<\/a><br \/>\nShe studies Mandarin and (studies) English (too).<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<p>\u518d z\u00e0i, however, would sound slightly off.<\/p>\n<h4>3a???)<\/h4>\n<p>T\u0101 xu\u00e9x\u00ed H\u00e0ny\u01d4, z\u00e0i xu\u00e9x\u00ed Y\u012bngy\u01d4.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u5979\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\uff0c\u518d\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/03a\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\u518d\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed.mp3\">\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\u518d\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed<\/a><br \/>\nShe&#8230;?<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<p>Let\u2019s recap the principles of \u53c8 y\u00f2u and \u8fd8 h\u00e1i. They are similar in that they both can be used for simultaneous and coexisting situations. However, \u53c8 y\u00f2u is used for independent entities, so if we say \u5979\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\uff0c\u53c8\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed T\u0101 xu\u00e9x\u00ed H\u00e0ny\u01d4, y\u00f2u xu\u00e9x\u00ed Y\u012bngy\u01d4, the two languages are seen as different and contrasting. On the other hand, \u8fd8 h\u00e1i is complementary in nature, so if we say \u5979\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\uff0c\u8fd8\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed T\u0101 xu\u00e9x\u00ed H\u00e0ny\u01d4, h\u00e1i xu\u00e9x\u00ed Y\u012bngy\u01d4, then the two languages are seen as related and similar (they are both languages, or are both something you learn). In other words, in \u53c8 y\u00f2u, the focus in on the difference, whereas in \u8fd8 h\u00e1i, it is on the similarity.<\/p>\n<p>\u518d z\u00e0i, however, doesn\u2019t seem to fit very well here. As mentioned earlier, \u518d z\u00e0i is not used for coexisting situations or simultaneous occurrences. The first part of the sentence has to cease before the second part can occur. Therefore, if we say \u5979\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\uff0c\u518d\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed T\u0101 xu\u00e9x\u00ed H\u00e0ny\u01d4, z\u00e0i xu\u00e9x\u00ed Y\u012bngy\u01d4, then it would mean <em>She first studies Mandarin, then English<\/em>. If that is the case, the sentence would sound better if modified into:<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>3a)<\/h4>\n<p>T\u0101 <em>xi\u0101n<\/em> xu\u00e9x\u00ed H\u00e0ny\u01d4, z\u00e0i xu\u00e9x\u00ed Y\u012bngy\u01d4.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u5979<em>\u5148<\/em>\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\uff0c\u518d\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/03d\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\u8fd8\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed.mp3\">\u5148\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\u518d\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed<\/a><br \/>\nShe <em>first<\/em> studies Mandarin, then English.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:40px\"><\/div>\n<p>Let\u2019s look at another similar set. Try to think what they mean before looking at the translation.<\/p>\n<h4>4a)<\/h4>\n<p>W\u01d2 ch\u012b le p\u00ednggu\u01d2, z\u00e0i ch\u012b xi\u0101ngji\u0101o.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u6211\u5403\u4e86\u82f9\u679c\uff0c\u518d\u5403\u9999\u8549\u3002 <\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/04a\u5403\u4e86\u82f9\u679c\u518d\u5403\u9999\u8549.mp3\">\u5403\u4e86\u82f9\u679c\u518d\u5403\u9999\u8549<\/a><br \/>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-fancy su-spoiler-icon-chevron-circle su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>English:<\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">I will eat (an) apple(s), followed by (a) banana(s).<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>4b)<\/h4>\n<p>W\u01d2 ch\u012b le p\u00ednggu\u01d2, y\u00f2u ch\u012b le xi\u0101ngji\u0101o.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u6211\u5403\u4e86\u82f9\u679c\uff0c\u53c8\u5403\u4e86\u9999\u8549\u3002 <\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/04b\u5403\u4e86\u82f9\u679c\u53c8\u5403\u9999\u8549.mp3\">\u5403\u4e86\u82f9\u679c\u53c8\u5403\u9999\u8549<\/a><br \/>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-fancy su-spoiler-icon-chevron-circle su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>English:<\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">I ate (an) apple(s) and (a) banana(s).<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>4c)<\/h4>\n<p>W\u01d2 ch\u012b le p\u00ednggu\u01d2, h\u00e1i ch\u012b le xi\u0101ngji\u0101o.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u6211\u5403\u4e86\u82f9\u679c\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e86\u5403\u9999\u8549\u3002 <\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/04c\u5403\u4e86\u82f9\u679c\u8fd8\u5403\u9999\u8549.mp3\">\u5403\u4e86\u82f9\u679c\u8fd8\u5403\u9999\u8549<\/a><br \/>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-fancy su-spoiler-icon-chevron-circle su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>English:<\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">I ate (an) apple(s) and (a) banana(s).<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<p>Both 4b) and 4c) mean that I ate (an) apple(s) and (a) banana(s). The slight difference is that in the \u53c8 y\u00f2u sentence, the focus is more on the difference (apples and bananas are different types of fruit), whereas in the \u8fd8 h\u00e1i sentence, it is on the similarity (them both being food\/fruit). In 4a), it means that I will eat (an) apple(s), followed by (a) banana(s).<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:40px\"><\/div>\n<p>What about the following? Again, challenge yourself before looking at the translation.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>5a)<\/h4>\n<p>T\u0101men de h\u00e1izi h\u011bn k\u011b\u2019\u00e0i, z\u00e0i h\u011bn c\u014dngming.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u4ed6\u4eec\u5b69\u5b50\u5f88\u53ef\u7231\uff0c\u518d\u5f88\u806a\u660e\u3002 <\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/5a\u53ef\u7231\u518d\u806a\u660e.mp3\">\u53ef\u7231\u518d\u806a\u660e<\/a><br \/>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-fancy su-spoiler-icon-chevron-circle su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>English<\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">Their kids are&#8230;??<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>5b)<\/h4>\n<p>T\u0101men de h\u00e1izi h\u011bn k\u011b\u2019\u00e0i, y\u00f2u h\u011bn c\u014dngming.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u4ed6\u4eec\u5b69\u5b50\u5f88\u53ef\u7231\uff0c\u53c8\u5f88\u806a\u660e\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/5b\u53ef\u7231\u53c8\u806a\u660e.mp3\">\u53ef\u7231\u53c8\u806a\u660e<\/a><br \/>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-fancy su-spoiler-icon-chevron-circle su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>English<\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">Their kids are adorable and (also) smart.<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>5c)<\/h4>\n<p>T\u0101men de h\u00e1izi h\u011bn k\u011b\u2019\u00e0i, h\u00e1i h\u011bn c\u014dngming.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u4ed6\u4eec\u5b69\u5b50\u5f88\u53ef\u7231\uff0c\u8fd8\u5f88\u806a\u660e\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/5c\u53ef\u7231\u8fd8\u806a\u660e.mp3\">\u53ef\u7231\u8fd8\u806a\u660e<\/a><br \/>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-fancy su-spoiler-icon-chevron-circle su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>English<\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">Their kids are adorable and (also) smart.<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<p>5b) and 5c) are both ok, but 5a) is not. By now can you tell why? Yep, because \u518d z\u00e0i cannot be used for coexisting situations.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:40px\"><\/div>\n<p>What we have covered so far are the basic inherent qualities, but you probably know that things can\u2019t be so simple. These adverbs each have their quirks and special traits, and we will look at one quirky trait of each of them.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:60px\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-heading su-heading-style-default su-heading-align-center\" id=\"\" style=\"font-size:36px;margin-bottom:20px\"><div class=\"su-heading-inner\"><strong>Special Quirky Traits<\/strong><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:40px\"><\/div>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #1c6636;\">Imperative \u518d z\u00e0i<\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>6)<\/h4>\n<p>J\u012bnti\u0101n m\u00e0iw\u00e1n le, n\u01d0 m\u00edngti\u0101n z\u00e0i l\u00e1i ba!<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u4eca\u5929\u5356\u5b8c\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u660e\u5929\u518d\u6765\u5427\uff01<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/6\u660e\u5929\u518d\u6765.mp3\">\u660e\u5929\u518d\u6765<\/a><br \/>\nWe have sold out today, come again tomorrow.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>7)<\/h4>\n<p>Q\u01d0ng n\u01d0 z\u00e0i shu\u014d y\u012bbi\u00e0n.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u8bf7\u4f60\u518d\u8bf4\u4e00\u904d\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/7\u518d\u8bf4\u4e00\u904d.mp3\">\u518d\u8bf4\u4e00\u904d<\/a><br \/>\nPlease say it again.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<p>In imperative sentences, only \u518d z\u00e0i can be used. Some may think that since \u8fd8 h\u00e1i can be for future events, it probably is ok here, but \u8fd8 h\u00e1i cannot be used in requests or commands. \u53c8 y\u00f2u cannot be used for future events, so all the more it is not possible here.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:60px\"><\/div>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #1c6636;\">Predictive \u53c8 y\u00f2u<\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>8)<\/h4>\n<p>M\u00edngti\u0101n y\u00f2u x\u012bngq\u012b y\u012b le.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u660e\u5929\u53c8\u661f\u671f\u4e00\u4e86\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/8\u53c8\u661f\u671f\u4e00.mp3\">\u53c8\u661f\u671f\u4e00<\/a><br \/>\nIt\u2019s Monday again tomorrow.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>9)<\/h4>\n<p>M\u00edngti\u0101n y\u00f2u y\u00e0o sh\u00e0ng b\u0101n le.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u660e\u5929\u53c8\u8981\u4e0a\u73ed\u4e86\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/9\u53c8\u8981\u4e0a\u73ed.mp3\">\u53c8\u8981\u4e0a\u73ed<\/a><br \/>\nI got to go to work again tomorrow.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<p>I just said again that \u53c8 y\u00f2u cannot be used for future events, but well, the shocking truth is, that isn\u2019t really true! In instances where a future event is definitely going to occur, typically a recurring event, believe it or not, we use \u53c8 y\u00f2u instead of \u518d z\u00e0i or \u8fd8 h\u00e1i.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:60px\"><\/div>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #1c6636;\">Annoyed \u8fd8 h\u00e1i<\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>10)<\/h4>\n<p>N\u01d0 h\u00e1i l\u00e1i!<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u4f60\u8fd8\u6765\uff01<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/10\u4f60\u8fd8\u6765.mp3\">\u4f60\u8fd8\u6765<\/a><br \/>\nYou\u2019re here again!<\/p>\n<p>In this scenario, the person saying this is probably not simply stating a fact that you are here again, but expressing slight irritation. <em>Gosh, I can\u2019t believe you\u2019re here again!<\/em> Let\u2019s look at another one.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>11)<\/h4>\n<p>Zh\u00e8 sh\u01d2u g\u0113 d\u014du ch\u00e0ng le s\u0101n bi\u00e0n le, h\u00e1i ch\u00e0ng a?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u8fd9\u9996\u6b4c\u90fd\u5531\u4e86\u4e09\u904d\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd8\u5531\u554a\uff1f<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/11\u90fd\u5531\u4e09\u904d\u4e86.mp3\">\u90fd\u5531\u4e09\u904d\u4e86<\/a><br \/>\nYou\u2019ve already sung this song thrice, and you want to sing it again?<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:60px\"><\/div>\n<p>There is yet another important point that I think we should cover. What happens when modal verbs are involved?<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-heading su-heading-style-default su-heading-align-center\" id=\"\" style=\"font-size:36px;margin-bottom:20px\"><div class=\"su-heading-inner\"><strong>Using with Modal Verbs<\/strong><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<p>Modal verbs like \u8981 y\u00e0o, \u60f3 xi\u01ceng, \u80fd n\u00e9ng, \u4f1a hu\u00ec, \u53ef\u4ee5 k\u011by\u01d0, are auxiliary verbs that express possibility, ability, willingness etc. So how do we use \u518d z\u00e0i, \u53c8 y\u00f2u and \u8fd8 h\u00e1i with modal verbs?<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>12a)<\/h4>\n<p>W\u01d2 n\u00e9ng z\u00e0i ch\u012b.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u6211\u80fd\u518d\u5403\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/12c\u80fd\u518d\u5403.mp3\">\u80fd\u518d\u5403<\/a><br \/>\nI can eat more.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>12b)<\/h4>\n<p>W\u01d2 b\u00f9 n\u00e9ng z\u00e0i ch\u012b.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u5403\u3002 <\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/12d\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u5403.mp3\">\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u5403<\/a><br \/>\nI can&#8217;t eat anymore.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>12c)<\/h4>\n<p>W\u01d2 y\u00f2u n\u00e9ng ch\u012b le.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u6211\u53c8\u80fd\u5403\u4e86\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/12e\u53c8\u80fd\u5403\u4e86.mp3\">\u53c8\u80fd\u5403\u4e86<\/a><br \/>\nI can eat again.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>12d)<\/h4>\n<p>W\u01d2 y\u00f2u b\u00f9 n\u00e9ng ch\u012b le.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u6211\u53c8\u4e0d\u80fd\u5403\u4e86\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/12f\u53c8\u4e0d\u80fd\u5403.mp3\">\u53c8\u4e0d\u80fd\u5403<\/a><br \/>\nI can&#8217;t eat again.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>12e)<\/h4>\n<p>W\u01d2 h\u00e1i n\u00e9ng ch\u012b.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u6211\u8fd8\u80fd\u5403\u3002 <\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/12i\u8fd8\u80fd\u5403.mp3\">\u8fd8\u80fd\u5403<\/a><br \/>\nI can still eat.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>12f)<\/h4>\n<p>W\u01d2 h\u00e1i b\u00f9 n\u00e9ng ch\u012b.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u6211\u8fd8\u4e0d\u80fd\u5403\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/12j\u8fd8\u4e0d\u80fd\u5403.mp3\">\u8fd8\u4e0d\u80fd\u5403<\/a><br \/>\nI still can&#8217;t eat.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<p>As we can see from the examples, \u518d z\u00e0i is usually placed <span class=\"su-highlight\" style=\"background:#ffeb99;color:#a12326\">&nbsp;<strong>after modal verbs<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/span>, while \u53c8 y\u00f2u and \u8fd8 h\u00e1i are usually placed <span class=\"su-highlight\" style=\"background:#ffeb99;color:#a12326\">&nbsp;<strong>before modal verbs<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/span>. In other words, \u518d is attributed to <span class=\"su-highlight\" style=\"background:#ffeb99;color:#a12326\">&nbsp;<strong>only the verb<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/span>, whereas \u53c8 y\u00f2u and \u8fd8 h\u00e1i are attributed to the whole set of <span class=\"su-highlight\" style=\"background:#ffeb99;color:#a12326\">&nbsp;<strong>[modal verb + verb]<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/span>. It might be a little confusing, so do come back and have a look again if you find it difficult to grasp.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:40px\"><\/div>\n<p>The above is just a general guide. Depending on how the modal verbs and verbs change, or, if the verbs take objects, the rules get blurred.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>13a)<\/h4>\n<p>Sh\u00e0ng x\u012bngq\u012b m\u011biti\u0101n d\u014du ch\u012b ji\u01ceozi, zh\u00e8 x\u012bngq\u012b b\u00f9n\u00e9ng z\u00e0i ch\u012b ji\u01ceozi ba?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u4e0a\u661f\u671f\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5403\u997a\u5b50\uff0c\u8fd9\u661f\u671f\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u5403\u997a\u5b50\u5427\uff1f <\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/13a\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u5403\u997a\u5b50.mp3\">\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u5403\u997a\u5b50<\/a><br \/>\nWe had dumplings every day last week. We can\u2019t eat them again this week, can we?<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>13b)<\/h4>\n<p>Sh\u00e0ng x\u012bngq\u012b m\u011biti\u0101n d\u014du ch\u012b ji\u01ceozi, zh\u00e8 x\u012bngq\u012b b\u00f9n\u00e9ng y\u00f2u ch\u012b ji\u01ceozi ba?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u4e0a\u661f\u671f\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5403\u997a\u5b50\uff0c\u8fd9\u661f\u671f\u4e0d\u80fd\u53c8\u5403\u997a\u5b50\u5427\uff1f <\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/13b\u4e0d\u80fd\u53c8\u5403\u997a\u5b50.mp3\">\u4e0d\u80fd\u53c8\u5403\u997a\u5b50<\/a><br \/>\nWe had dumplings every day last week. We can\u2019t eat them again this week, can we?<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>13c)<\/h4>\n<p>Sh\u00e0ng x\u012bngq\u012b m\u011biti\u0101n d\u014du ch\u012b ji\u01ceozi, zh\u00e8 x\u012bngq\u012b b\u00f9n\u00e9ng h\u00e1i ch\u012b ji\u01ceozi ba?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u4e0a\u661f\u671f\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5403\u997a\u5b50\uff0c\u8fd9\u661f\u671f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd8\u5403\u997a\u5b50\u5427\uff1f<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/13c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd8\u5403\u997a\u5b50.mp3\">\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd8\u5403\u997a\u5b50<\/a><br \/>\nWe had dumplings every day last week. We can\u2019t eat them again this week, can we?<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<p>In this case, \u518d z\u00e0i, \u53c8 y\u00f2u and \u8fd8 h\u00e1i can all be used. Placing \u53c8 y\u00f2u and \u8fd8 h\u00e1i after the modal verbs becomes possible. Why is that so? The reason is because we are looking at [again + eat dumplings] as one whole set, so we\u2019re highlighting this whole set as one total complete unit.<\/p>\n<p>Furthermore, when adding more emphasis, sometimes two modal verbs can be used together:<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>14)<\/h4>\n<p>W\u01d2 h\u00e1i n\u00e9ng z\u00e0i ch\u012b.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u6211\u8fd8\u80fd\u518d\u5403\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/14\u8fd8\u80fd\u518d\u5403.mp3\">\u8fd8\u80fd\u518d\u5403<\/a><br \/>\nI can still eat more.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:60px\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-heading su-heading-style-default su-heading-align-center\" id=\"\" style=\"font-size:36px;margin-bottom:20px\"><div class=\"su-heading-inner\"><strong>Bonus Tip!<\/strong><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<p>Let me throw in one more important aspect that will be very useful to know. Like I mentioned earlier, there are no tenses in Mandarin. We don\u2019t get tense about tenses, because often, a sentence can be interpreted in multiple ways, so things are often not as clear-cut as English. There is, however, something called <strong>reference time<\/strong> that we abide by, but only on a subconscious level, as we don\u2019t realise any of these underlying rules when we speak. Let\u2019s look at this:<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>15)<\/h4>\n<p>Sh\u00e0ng x\u012bngq\u012b w\u01d2 q\u00f9 k\u00e0n t\u0101, t\u0101 h\u00e1i h\u011bn ji\u00e0nk\u0101ng. M\u00e9i xi\u01cengd\u00e0o zu\u00f3ti\u0101n w\u01d2 z\u00e0i q\u00f9 zh\u01ceo t\u0101, t\u0101 y\u01d0jing b\u00ecng de n\u00e0me y\u00e1nzh\u00f2ng le.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u4e0a\u661f\u671f\u6211\u53bb\u770b\u5979\uff0c\u5979\u8fd8\u5f88\u5065\u5eb7\u3002\u6ca1\u60f3\u5230\u6628\u5929\u6211\u518d\u53bb\u627e\u5979\uff0c\u5979\u5df2\u7ecf\u75c5\u5f97\u90a3\u4e48\u4e25\u91cd\u4e86\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/15\u75c5\u5f97\u4e25\u91cd.mp3\">\u75c5\u5f97\u4e25\u91cd<\/a><br \/>\nWhen I visited her last week, she was still well. So it took me by surprise that when I went to see her again yesterday, she had fallen so ill.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<p>In this sentence, even though my visiting her yesterday is a past action, we still use \u518d z\u00e0i. Before my second visit yesterday, there was the first visit last week, which is the reference time in this case. So since the reference time is last week, the visit yesterday becomes a future event. And hence, in such instances, we use \u518d z\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<p>Let\u2019s look at another interesting one.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>16a)<\/h4>\n<p>R\u00fagu\u01d2 xi\u00e0c\u00ec k\u01ceosh\u00ec z\u00e0i b\u00f9 j\u00edg\u00e9, w\u01d2 ji\u00f9 y\u00e0o ji\u00e0n n\u01d0 f\u00f9m\u01d4 le.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u5982\u679c\u4e0b\u6b21\u8003\u8bd5\u518d\u4e0d\u53ca\u683c\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u8981\u89c1\u4f60\u7236\u6bcd\u4e86\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/16a\u518d\u4e0d\u53ca\u683c.mp3\">\u518d\u4e0d\u53ca\u683c<\/a><br \/>\nIf you fail the exam again next time, I will have to meet your parents.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>16b)<\/h4>\n<p>R\u00fagu\u01d2 xi\u00e0c\u00ec k\u01ceosh\u00ec y\u00f2u b\u00f9 j\u00edg\u00e9, w\u01d2 ji\u00f9 y\u00e0o ji\u00e0n n\u01d0 f\u00f9m\u01d4 le.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u5982\u679c\u4e0b\u6b21\u8003\u8bd5\u53c8\u4e0d\u53ca\u683c\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u8981\u89c1\u4f60\u7236\u6bcd\u4e86\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/16b\u53c8\u4e0d\u53ca\u683c.mp3\">\u53c8\u4e0d\u53ca\u683c<\/a><br \/>\nIf you fail the exam again next time, I will have to meet your parents.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>16c)<\/h4>\n<p>R\u00fagu\u01d2 xi\u00e0c\u00ec k\u01ceosh\u00ec h\u00e1i b\u00f9 j\u00edg\u00e9, w\u01d2 ji\u00f9 y\u00e0o ji\u00e0n n\u01d0 f\u00f9m\u01d4 le.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u5982\u679c\u4e0b\u6b21\u8003\u8bd5\u8fd8\u4e0d\u53ca\u683c\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u8981\u89c1\u4f60\u7236\u6bcd\u4e86\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/16c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u53ca\u683c.mp3\">\u8fd8\u4e0d\u53ca\u683c<\/a><br \/>\nIf you fail the exam again next time, I will have to meet your parents.<\/p>\n<p>In this example, \u518d z\u00e0i, \u53c8 y\u00f2u and \u8fd8 h\u00e1i can all be used. Since this is a future event that has yet to happen, \u518d z\u00e0i and \u8fd8 h\u00e1i fit in naturally. What about \u53c8 y\u00f2u? This is not a past event, nor is it a future event that is definitely going to happen, so how can \u53c8 be also a good fit? This is where the reference time comes into play. In the \u53c8 y\u00f2u sentence, the speaker would be looking at it from a future reference point, which is the time when they decide that they have to meet the parents. When that happens, the student would already have failed the exam. And so, \u53c8 y\u00f2u is also possible!<\/p>\n<p>Fascinating isn\u2019t it? I know it can be really confusing, but I hope you\u2019re still hanging in there!<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:40px\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-heading su-heading-style-default su-heading-align-center\" id=\"\" style=\"font-size:36px;margin-bottom:20px\"><div class=\"su-heading-inner\"><strong>Back to the Question<\/strong><\/div><\/div>\n<p>So now let\u2019s go back to the very first question I posed at the beginning. Instead of \u518d\u89c1 z\u00e0iji\u00e0n , can we say \u53c8\u89c1 y\u00f2u ji\u00e0n or \u8fd8\u89c1 h\u00e1i ji\u00e0n? Well, they could appear as part of a longer sentence, for example:<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>17)<\/h4>\n<p>W\u01d2men y\u00f2u ji\u00e0n mi\u00e0n le!<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u6211\u4eec\u53c8\u89c1\u9762\u4e86\uff01<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/17\u53c8\u89c1\u9762\u4e86.mp3\">\u53c8\u89c1\u9762\u4e86<\/a><br \/>\nWe meet again!<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<h4>18)<\/h4>\n<p>N\u01d0 y\u01d0h\u00f2u h\u00e1i ji\u00e0n t\u0101 ma?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u4f60\u4ee5\u540e\u8fd8\u89c1\u4ed6\u5417\uff1f<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/akikolingoland.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/18\u8fd8\u89c1\u4ed6\u5417.mp3\">\u8fd8\u89c1\u4ed6\u5417<\/a><br \/>\nWill you continue seeing him in future?<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<p>However, they cannot be used on their own as a goodbye greeting. What do you think is the logic behind? Right, because when we say goodbye, the situation is such that the action of meeting has happened, is still happening, but is going to end right now. And there is the expectation that this meeting will be repeated some time in the future. Therefore, only \u518d\u89c1 z\u00e0iji\u00e0n is possible as a goodbye greeting.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:20px\"><\/div>\n<p>\u518d z\u00e0i, \u53c8 y\u00f2u and \u8fd8 h\u00e1i are all high-frequency adverbs, so naturally, they can be quite complex. The above are some of the most essential traits to know about them. I hope I have presented them well, and that you are now clearer about them!<\/p>\n<p>Do try the <a href=\"quiz---\u518d-zai,-\u53c8-you-and-\u8fd8-hai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">exercise<\/a>, coming up in the next post. And so, till we meet again. \u518d\u89c1 z\u00e0iji\u00e0n!<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:40px\"><\/div>\n<span style=\"font-family: 'book antiqua', palatino, serif;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">If you&#8217;ve enjoyed this, don&#8217;t forget to share, and do join me on<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pages\/Akikos-Lingoland\/273268649500168\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Facebook<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCRdH0bs8eiB8R9PXGGin0zA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">YouTube<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/twitter.com\/AkikoLingoland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Twitter<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/akikolingoland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pinterest<\/a>!<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:40px\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Why is the Chinese way of saying goodbye \u518d\u89c1 z\u00e0iji\u00e0n? You might know that the phrase literally means \u2018again\u2019 and \u2018meet\u2019, so put together, \u518d\u89c1 z\u00e0iji\u00e0n means \u2018see you again\u2019. Well then, how about using \u53c8 y\u00f2u&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12074,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[293,95,82,85],"tags":[329,232,242,343],"class_list":["post-12075","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-grammar","category-mandarin","category-videos","tag-adverbs","tag-elementary","tag-pre-intermediate","tag-spot-the-mandarin-difference"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" 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